This episode will consider the surface anatomy of the knee and popliteal fossa in more detail. Once you have watched this video, why not attempt the multiple choice quiz to consolidate your knowledge?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
This episode will consider the surface anatomy of the knee and popliteal fossa in more detail. Once you have watched this video, why not attempt the multiple choice quiz to consolidate your knowledge?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[44],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-626","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-innovative-anatomy","entry"],"youtubeVideo":"435673157\/c7486e3aba","question1":"The knee joint incorporates the patella-femoral and tibio-fibular joints.","answers1":"True | False","correctAnswer1":"1","correctAnswerText1":"The knee joint incorporates the tibio-femoral and the patellofemoral joint.","question2":"The vastus lateralis muscle forms the bulk of the muscle mass of the lateral surface of the knee.","answers2":"True | False","correctAnswer2":"0","correctAnswerText2":"The vastus lateralis muscle is found in the anterior compartment of the thigh as part of the quadriceps femoris. Muscles in the group are; rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius.","question3":"The joint line can be opened up by fully extending the leg.","answers3":"True | False","correctAnswerText3":"The joint line of the knee can be opened with 70 degrees of flexion at the knee joint.","correctAnswer3":"1","question4":"The cruciate and collateral ligaments are deep structures within the knee joint and are not palpable on examination.","answers4":"True | False","correctAnswer4":"1","correctAnswerText4":"The medial and lateral collateral ligaments can both be palpated on examination of the knee joint. Pain on palpation over these structures may indicate a collateral ligament injury. An effusion may also be present. Medial collateral ligament injuries often present with a history of forceful valgus injury. There may also be an associated medial meniscal injury. Lateral collateral ligament injuries often present with a history of forceful varus injury. There may be an associated meniscal injury.\r\n\r\nThe anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments are not directly palpable. The cruciate ligaments can be examined by completing the Lachman test and the anterior draw test (anterior cruciate ligament injury) and observing for posterior sag sign (posterior cruciate ligament injury).","question5":"The superio-lateral border of the popliteal fossa is the biceps femoris muscle.","answers5":"True | False","correctAnswer5":"0","correctAnswerText5":"The biceps femoris muscle is part of the hamstring muscle group in the posterior compartment of the thigh. The hamstring muscles include; biceps femoris, semitendinosus and semimembranosus. They act to extend the hip joint and flex the knee joint.\r\n\r\nThe biceps femoris forms the superio-lateral border of the popliteal fossa. Moving clockwise, the inferio-lateral border is formed by the lateral gastrocnemius, the inferio-medial border is formed by the medial gastrocnemius, and the superio-medial border is formed by the semi-membranous muscle of the hamstrings.","question6":"Which of the following is not found within the popliteal fossa?","answers6":"Common peroneal nerve | Popliteal artery | Saphenous nerve | Tibial nerve","correctAnswer6":"2","correctAnswerText6":"Contents of the popliteal fossa include the popliteal artery\/ vein the tibial nerve and the common peroneal nerve. ","question7":"The long saphenous vein pierces the deep fascia to drain into the popliteal vein.","answers7":"True | False","correctAnswer7":"1","correctAnswerText7":"The short saphenous vein pierces the deep fascia and drains into the popliteal vein.","question8":"The tibial nerve is the deepest structure within the popliteal fossa.","answers8":"True | False","correctAnswer8":"1","correctAnswerText8":"The tibial and the common peroneal nerve are the most superficial contents of the popliteal fossa. The popliteal artery is the deepest structure in the popliteal fossa. For this reason the popliteal artery can be difficult to palpate.","question9":"Injury to the common peroneal nerve will result in numbness over the sole of the foot and foot drop.","answers9":"True | False","correctAnswer9":"1","correctAnswerText9":"The common peroneal nerve provides sensory supply to the anteriolateral aspect of the lower leg and dorsum of the foot, not the sole (plantar aspect) of the foot.\r\n\r\nDamage to the common peroneal nerve will result in foot drop, loss of dorsiflexion and eversion of the foot. There will also be numbness over the dorsal aspect of the foot and medio-lateral lower leg. Injury to the common peroneal nerve can result from fibula fracture or dislocation, dog bite, crossed legs and casts.","question10":"Baker\u2019s cysts (synovial cysts) in children are usually an indicator of underlying joint disease.","answers10":"True | False","correctAnswer10":"1","correctAnswerText10":"Baker cysts are inflammation and swelling of the semimembranous bursa, in adults it usually arises with arthritis of the knee joint. They are also commonly seen in boys between the ages of four to eight they are commonly non-pathological.","question11":"","answers11":"","correctAnswer11":"","correctAnswerText11":"","question12":"","answers12":"","correctAnswer12":"","correctAnswerText12":"","question13":"","answers13":"","correctAnswer13":"","correctAnswerText13":"","question14":"","answers14":"","correctAnswer14":"","correctAnswerText14":"","question15":"","answers15":"","correctAnswer15":"","correctAnswerText15":"","icon":"legs","parentId":"","recapId":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vapp.rguc.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/626"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vapp.rguc.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vapp.rguc.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vapp.rguc.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vapp.rguc.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=626"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/vapp.rguc.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/626\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":750,"href":"https:\/\/vapp.rguc.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/626\/revisions\/750"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vapp.rguc.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=626"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vapp.rguc.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=626"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vapp.rguc.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=626"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}