This episode looks at the anatomy of the hand and forearm.<\/p>\n
Once you have watched this video, why not attempt the multiple quiz to consolidate your knowledge?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
This episode looks at the anatomy of the hand and forearm. Once you have watched this video, why not attempt the multiple quiz to consolidate your knowledge?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[44],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-680","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-innovative-anatomy","entry"],"youtubeVideo":"433613792\/21e9bbb98d","question1":"Which bone is present in the fingers but missing from the thumb?","answers1":"The intermediate phalanx | The proximal phalanx | The metacarpal | The distal phalanx","correctAnswer1":"0","correctAnswerText1":"The thumb does not have an intermediate phalanx. The proximal and distal phalanx articulate with each other.","question2":"How many carpal bones are there?","answers2":"Six | Eight | Ten | Five","correctAnswer2":"1","correctAnswerText2":"There are eight carpal bones. Remember the rhyme: 'She Looks Too Pretty To Try Catching Her'.\r\nScaphoid, lunate, triquetrium, pisiform, trapezeoid, trapezium, capitate and hamate.","question3":"The palmar aspect of the middle finger is supplied by which nerve?","answers3":"The superficial ulnar nerve | A deep branch of the ulnar nerve | The median nerve | The radial nerve","correctAnswerText3":"The palmar aspect of the middle finger and the nail beds are supplied by the medial but the dorsal aspect the both the median and the radial nerve supply the middle finger.","correctAnswer3":"2","question4":"Which of the following is true regarding the interossei muscles of the hand?","answers4":"The interossei are deep muscles of the hand. There are both palmar and dorsal interossei. The palmar interossei are involved in adduction of the digits. | The interossei are superficial muscles of the hand. The palmar interossei are innervated by the deep branch of the ulnar nerve and are involved in adduction. | The interossei are deep muscles of the hand. The palmar interossei are innervated by the deep branch of the ulnar nerve. The are involved in abduction of the digits. | There are both palmar and dorsal interossei. The palmar interossei are involved in adduction of the hand. The dorsal interossei are involved with abduction of the hand. Interossei are supplied by the median nerve.","correctAnswer4":"0","correctAnswerText4":"The interossei muscles are located between the metacarpals, they can be divided into the palmar and dorsal interossei. The dorsal interossei abduct the fingers at the MCP, these are inervated by the ulnar nerve. The palmar interossi adduct the fingers at the MCP and are also supplied by the ulnar nerve. ","question5":"Froments sign tests adduction of the thumb against the hand. Which of the following is false?","answers5":"Froment\u2019s sign positive means that the patient is unable to adduct the thumb | Froment\u2019s sign positive is related to an ulnar nerve problem | If Froment\u2019s sign is the positive the patient will flex the thumb as abduction is lost | When Froment\u2019s sign is positive, the muscle affected is policis brevis","correctAnswer5":"3","correctAnswerText5":"Froment\u2019s sign is a special test of the wrist assessing the function of the ulnar nerve specifically assessing the function of the adductor pollicis. To perform this test, ask the patient to hold a piece of paper in between her thumb and index finger and attempt to pull the paper from the patient\u2019s grip. A normal test is when the patient is able to maintain ahold of the paper. A positive test is when the patient compensates by flexing her Flexor Pollicis Longus to maintain her grip.","question6":"What is the name of the position that we use for safe immobilisation when applying a cast to the hand and forearm?","answers6":"The Edinburgh position | The Aberdeen position | The Inverness position | The Dundee position","correctAnswer6":"0","correctAnswerText6":"The Edinburgh position, also known as the James position, is where the digits are flexed at the MCP joint. This is known to prevent contractures and nerve damage during immobilisation.","question7":"Considering the flexor tendon of the hand, which of the following is true?","answers7":"The flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) sits on top of the Flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) | The flexor digitorum profundus and flexor digitorum superficialis are supplied by the median nerve | The FDS and FDP are involved in flexion of all joints crossed except the wrist | The FDP is involved in flexion of the distal interphalangeal joint, but not the FDS","correctAnswer7":"3","correctAnswerText7":"FDP is dorsal to FDS in the volar aspect of the forearm (deeper compared to the FDS). The FDS is supplied by the median nerve and it is a flexor of the metacarpophalgeal interphalangeal joint. The medial part of the the FDP is supplied by the ulnar nerve, whilst the lateral is supplied by the anterior interosseous nerve this is a branch of the median nerve. The FDP flexes the distal interphalangeal joints and the wrist.","question8":"Which of the following is untrue regarding carpal tunnel syndrome?","answers8":"In carpal tunnel the median nerve is affected. | \r\n\r\nIn carpal tunnel syndrome, the nerve is compressed in the carpal tunnel, the roof of this canal is the flexor retinaculum.\r\n\r\n\r\n| In carpal tunnel syndrome the patient is likely to present with wrist drop. | Pregnancy and obesity are both risk factors for carpal tunnel syndrome.","correctAnswer8":"2","correctAnswerText8":"Carpal tunnel syndrome is the commonest mononeuropathy and is caused by thickened ligament, if left untreated can result in atrophy of the thenar muscles, other clinical features include numbness and tingling in the distribution of the median nerve. Wrist drop is characteristically due to radial nerve injury.","question9":"Which of the following tests will be positive in carpal tunnel syndrome?","answers9":"Tinels | Apley\u2019s | De Quervain\u2019s | Watson\u2019s","correctAnswer9":"0","correctAnswerText9":"Tinels and Phalen\u2019s test are both tests for carpal tunnel. Tinels involved tapping over the carpal tunnel repeatedly, the patient will report tingling or pins and needles in the hand. Phalen\u2019s test involved putting the hands into \u201creverse prayer\u201d position. This compresses the median nerve and worsens the symptoms of carpal tunnel.","question10":"Which of the following is not regarded as a deep muscle of the thenar and hypothenar eminences?","answers10":"Opponens policis | Opponens digiti minimi | Flexor policis brevis | Abductor policis brevis","correctAnswer10":"3","correctAnswerText10":"Remember, the deep muscles of the thenar and hypothenar eminences are primarily \u201copposition\u201d muscles.","question11":"","answers11":"","correctAnswer11":"","correctAnswerText11":"","question12":"","answers12":"","correctAnswer12":"","correctAnswerText12":"","question13":"","answers13":"","correctAnswer13":"","correctAnswerText13":"","question14":"","answers14":"","correctAnswer14":"","correctAnswerText14":"","question15":"","answers15":"","correctAnswer15":"","correctAnswerText15":"","icon":"arms","parentId":"","recapId":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vapp.rguc.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/680"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vapp.rguc.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vapp.rguc.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vapp.rguc.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vapp.rguc.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=680"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/vapp.rguc.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/680\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":727,"href":"https:\/\/vapp.rguc.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/680\/revisions\/727"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vapp.rguc.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=680"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vapp.rguc.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=680"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vapp.rguc.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=680"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}